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| ANATOMICAL FEATURES OF ELEPHANTS 4. Urinary system • The kidneys are multipyramidal, lobulated and covered by a dense layer of connective tissue and fat. The left kidney is placed ventral to the vertebral ends of the last four ribs. The dorsal face is convex while the ventral face is flat. The right kidney is larger than the left. It is situated under the vertebral ends of the last three ribs. • Urinary bladder is small and pyriform lying at the pelvic inlet. 5. Genital system • Ovaries are oval and flat on the sides, situated in the abdomen, ventral to the iliac crest and posterior pole of the kidneys. • Testes are situated on each side medial to the caudal pole of the kidneys. • There are two pectoral mammary glands. Each gland has a small conical teat. It is placed between the front legs with multiple openings. 6. Haemopoietic system • There are only a few lymph nodes in the mesentery. • Hemal nodes are dark brown in colour, intercalated in the course of the blood vessels. These are more in number as compared to the lymph nodes. • Spleen is in the shape of a dark and elongated organ, wide in the middle and pointed at both the ends. It is vertical in position and is related to the left abdominal wall. The caudal border has a number of notches. 7. Brain • Elephant has a brain only four times the size of that of man. It has a large cerebral cortex. 8. Skeletal system Vertebrae — C 7, T 19-20, L 3-5 S 3-5, Cd 24-34 Ribs - 38 in l9 pairs (Sternal-6, Asternal-9, Floating ribs-4) Previous |
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